Hier vind je de bronnenlijst bij de uitzending: Kun je vis vervangen met omega-3-supplementen?
Experts aflevering
- Ingeborg Brouwer, Hoogleraar Voeding en Gezondheid, VU Amsterdam, lid Gezondheidsraad
- Tamara Hoppenbrouwers, Voedingsonderzoeker, Wageningen University
Achtergrondgesprekken
- Renger Witkamp, Hoogleraar Voeding en Farmacologie, Wageningen University
- Wieke van der Vossen, Expert Voedselveiligheid, Het Voedingscentrum
Gezondheidsadvies vis in Nederland
Gezondheidsraad
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Richtlijnen Goede Voeding 2025,https://www.gezondheidsraad.nl/documenten/2025/12/04/advies-richtlijnen-goede-voeding-eiwitbronnen-en-voedingspatronen-2025
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Richtlijnen Goede Voeding 2015,https://www.gezondheidsraad.nl/documenten/2015/11/04/richtlijnen-goede-voeding-2015
Het Voedingscentrum
Voedingswaardentabel NEVO, https://nevo-online.rivm.nl/
Risico op hartritmestoornissen
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German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment, Omega-3 fatty acid supplements can increase the risk of atrial fibrillation in heart patients,https://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/omega-3-fatty-acid-supplements-can-increase-the-risk-of-atrial-fibrillation-in-heart-patients.pdf
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Bijwerkingencentrum Lareb, Onregelmatige en snelle hartslag bij omega-3 vetzuren,https://www.lareb.nl/news/onregelmatige-en-snelle-hartslag-bij-omega-3-vetzuren/
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Lombardi et al., 2021, Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on atrial fibrillation, Nutrients,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33910233/
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Gencer et al., 2021, Omega-3 fatty acids and incident atrial fibrillation in randomized trials, Circulation, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34612056/
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Yan et al., 2022, Safety of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease, European Journal of Preventive Cardiology,https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article/29/Supplement_1/zwac056.186/6583906
Europese checks van gezondheidsclaims
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European Medicine Agency, Omega-3 acid ethyl esters: EMA confirms omega-3 fatty acid medicines are not effective in preventing further heart problems after heart attack, https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/referral/omega-3-acid-ethyl-esters-ema-confirms-omega-3-fatty-acid-medicines-are-not-effective-preventing-further-heart-problems-after-heart-attack_en.pdf
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European Food Safety Authority, Scientific Opinion on omega-3 fatty acids, EFSA Journal, https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/2078
Vis eten en gezonder oud worden: cohortstudies
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Albert et al., 1999, Physicians' Health Study: Fish consumption and risk of sudden cardiac death, Journal of the American Medical Association,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/185895
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Burr et al., 1989, Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART): Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fiber intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction, The Lancet,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2571009/
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Dijkstra et al., 2009, Fish consumption and risk of heart failure: The Rotterdam Study, European Journal of Heart Failure, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19789394/
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He et al., 2003, Fish intake and risk of coronary heart disease: Meta-analysis of cohort studies, British Medical Journal, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15110203/
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Kromhout et al., 2008, The Zutphen Study: Fish consumption and coronary heart disease, European Heart Journal, https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-abstract/29/16/2024/409061
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Zhang et al., 2017, Fish and omega-3 fatty acid consumption and all-cause mortality: Meta-analysis, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28802305/
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Zhao et al., 2015, Fish consumption and all-cause mortality: Meta-analysis of cohort studies, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,https://www.nature.com/articles/ejcn201572
Effect van suppletie
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Manson et al., 2018, Marine n-3 fatty acids and prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer, The New England Journal of Medicine,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1811403
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Abdelhamid et al., 2020, Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003177.pub5/full
William (Bill) S. Harris’ onderzoeken
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Harris et al., 2021, High circulating levels of omega-3 fatty acids and reduced risk of early mortality, Nature Communications, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22370-2
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Harris, 2025, Recent studies confirm the utility of the omega-3 index, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, https://journals.lww.com/co-clinicalnutrition/fulltext/2025/03000/recent_studies_confirm_the_utility_of_the_omega_3.8.aspx
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Jackson et al., 2019, High intake of fish needed to raise omega-3 index by 8 percent, Progress in Lipid Research,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0952327818302254
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Walker et al., 2019, Supplementation increases the omega-3 index, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522012783
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Harris, Del Gobbo, Tintle, 2017, Omega-3 fatty acids and risk reduction of cardiovascular events, Journal of Nutrition,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002191501730196X
Oxidatie van supplementen (ranzige visolie)
In andere landen zoals Nieuw Zeeland, VS en Zuid-Afrika bleek bij onderzoeken dat een groot deel van de visolie-supplementen geoxideerd is:
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Albert et al., 2015, Oxidation status of fish oil supplements in the United States, Scientific Reports, https://www.nature.com/articles/srep07928
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Labdoor, Fish Oil Ranking, https://labdoor.com/rankings/fish-oil
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Opperman & Benade, 2013, Oxidation of fish oil supplements in South Africa, Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.5830/CVJA-2013-074
In Nederland is zo’n dergelijke steekproef niet uitgevoerd. Ranzigheid beinvloedt de smaak en kwaliteit van visolie, sommige supplementenverkopers testen hier daarom op en hanteren een door de industrie bedacht keurmerk (totox-waarde) dat laat zien dat hun product een lage oxidatiegraad heeft en in orde is. Goed bewijs voor schadelijke gezondheidseffecten van geoxideerde visolie ontbreekt echter:
- Cameron-Smith et al., 2015, Fishing for answers: Is oxidation of fish oil supplements a problem, Journal of Nutritional Science,https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-nutritional-science/article/fishing-for-answers-is-oxidation-of-fish-oil-supplements-a-problem/EC656B7DAEF93BD39D043683CE8E20EA
- Ottestad et al., 2012, Oxidation of marine oils in supplements, PubMed,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22136711/
- EFSA, 2015, Scientific opinion on fish oil for human consumption, EFSA Journal 1874, https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/1874
